{"id":29702,"date":"2023-03-22T08:07:34","date_gmt":"2023-03-22T08:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/kontrola-impedancji\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T09:44:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T09:44:04","slug":"kontrola-impedancji","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/pl\/nauka-o-pcb\/kontrola-impedancji\/","title":{"rendered":"Kontrola impedancji"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"29702\" class=\"elementor elementor-29702 elementor-6121\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6162531 elementor-section-height-min-height hero elementor-section-items-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6162531\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55c5e94 hero-content\" data-id=\"55c5e94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d8a2b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"7d8a2b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">Kontrola impedancji<\/h1><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3101f14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3101f14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Impedancja<\/span> elektryczna to miara oporu, jaki obw\u00f3d stawia pr\u0105dowi po przy\u0142o\u017ceniu sinusoidalnego napi\u0119cia przemiennego. We wspomnianym przypadku u\u017cywany jest kabel koncentryczny. Zamiast kabla koncentrycznego, antena mo\u017ce by\u0107 pod\u0142\u0105czona do urz\u0105dzenia za pomoc\u0105 kabla sk\u0142adaj\u0105cego si\u0119 z&nbsp;dw\u00f3ch okr\u0105g\u0142ych przewod\u00f3w oddzielonych p\u0142askim plastikowym paskiem. Podobnie jak w&nbsp;przypadku kabla koncentrycznego, wymiary i&nbsp;materia\u0142y tego przewodu s\u0105 precyzyjnie regulowane, aby zapewni\u0107 odpowiedni\u0105 impedancj\u0119 elektryczn\u0105.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e8edf1 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit style1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-button\" data-id=\"5e8edf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\t\t<div class=\"ekit-btn-wraper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/pl\/kontakt\/\" class=\"elementskit-btn  whitespace--normal\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSkontaktuj si\u0119 z&nbsp;nami<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Layer_1\" x=\"0px\" 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Layer_1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"32px\" height=\"32px\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path d=\"M3.5,18.3L1,7.8C0.9,7.1,1.4,6.4,2.3,6.4h20.5l0.5-2.3c0.1-0.6,0.6-1,1.2-1h5.3c0.7,0,1.2,0.5,1.2,1.2v0.8  c0,0.7-0.6,1.2-1.2,1.2h-3.6l-3.7,17.2c0.9,0.5,1.5,1.4,1.5,2.4c0,1.6-1.3,2.8-2.9,2.8c-1.6,0-2.9-1.3-2.9-2.8c0-0.8,0.3-1.5,0.9-2  H8c0.5,0.5,0.9,1.2,0.9,2c0,1.6-1.3,2.8-2.9,2.8S3.1,27.6,3.1,26c0-1.1,0.7-2.1,1.6-2.5l-0.3-1.2c-0.2-0.8,0.4-1.5,1.2-1.5h14  l0.3-1.6H4.7C4.1,19.2,3.6,18.8,3.5,18.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-914e0bf elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"914e0bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c96dc6\" data-id=\"6c96dc6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48588d1 breadcrumb elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"48588d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/pl\/\">Home<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d5d165d elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d5d165d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e99705\" data-id=\"5e99705\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85bbe24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85bbe24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W PCB ekran to p\u0142aszczyzna, izolator to materia\u0142, a&nbsp;przew\u00f3d rdzeniowy to \u015bcie\u017cka. Impedancja jest mierzona w&nbsp;omach, ale nie nale\u017cy jej myli\u0107 z&nbsp;rezystancj\u0105, r\u00f3wnie\u017c mierzon\u0105 w&nbsp;omach. Rezystancja dotyczy pr\u0105du sta\u0142ego (DC), podczas gdy impedancja dotyczy pr\u0105du zmiennego (AC), kt\u00f3ry staje si\u0119 wa\u017cny wraz ze wzrostem cz\u0119stotliwo\u015bci sygna\u0142u, co staje si\u0119 krytyczne dla \u015bcie\u017cek obwodu drukowanego z&nbsp;komponentami sygna\u0142u r\u00f3wnymi lub wi\u0119kszymi ni\u017c 200&nbsp;MHz. Zadaniem przewodu lub \u015bcie\u017cki jest przenoszenie si\u0142y sygna\u0142u z&nbsp;jednego urz\u0105dzenia do drugiego. Maksymalna moc sygna\u0142u jest przesy\u0142ana, gdy impedancje s\u0105 dopasowane.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e5f08a\" data-id=\"2e5f08a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a8e0d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a8e0d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_configurations.jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17805\" alt=\"impedance control educative pcb\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_configurations.jpg.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_configurations-300x233.jpg.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3902c0e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3902c0e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27eb2e9\" data-id=\"27eb2e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81f2cc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"81f2cc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_signal_transfer.jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17853 lazyload\" alt=\"impedance control signal transfer\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_signal_transfer.jpg.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_signal_transfer-300x233.jpg.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4825b1\" data-id=\"e4825b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f0676a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f0676a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Antena telewizyjna ma \u201enaturaln\u0105\u201d impedancj\u0119. W przypadku cz\u0119stotliwo\u015bci radiowych (FR) przeniesienie maksymalnej mocy sygna\u0142u z&nbsp;anteny do kabli wymaga, aby impedancja kabla odpowiada\u0142a impedancji anteny. Ponadto impedancja telewizora musi odpowiada\u0107 impedancji kabla.<\/p>\n<p>Chocia\u017c koncentrujemy si\u0119 na po\u0142\u0105czeniach przewodowych, te same rozwa\u017cania dotycz\u0105 przesy\u0142ania sygna\u0142u przez \u015bcie\u017cki na p\u0142ytce drukowanej. W 1997&nbsp;roku tylko wyspecjalizowane urz\u0105dzenia o&nbsp;du\u017cej pr\u0119dko\u015bci wymaga\u0142y p\u0142ytek drukowanych (PCB) z&nbsp;kontrolowan\u0105 impedancj\u0105, co stanowi\u0142o oko\u0142o 20% wszystkich produkowanych w&nbsp;tym czasie PCB.<\/p>\n<p>Jednak do 2000&nbsp;roku oko\u0142o 80% wielowarstwowych p\u0142ytek drukowanych by\u0142o produkowanych z&nbsp;kontrolowan\u0105 impedancj\u0105. Zmiana ta obejmowa\u0142a p\u0142ytki do r\u00f3\u017cnych zastosowa\u0144 technologicznych, w&nbsp;tym:<br \/>\u2013 telekomunikacja,<br \/>\u2013 przetwarzanie sygna\u0142u wideo,<br \/>\u2013 szybkie przetwarzanie cyfrowe,<br \/>\u2013 obr\u00f3bka graficzna,<br \/>\u2013 sterowanie procesami.<\/p>\n<p>W wi\u0119kszo\u015bci dzisiejszych dom\u00f3w istnieje du\u017ca liczba tanich zastosowa\u0144 tych technologii, na przyk\u0142ad:<br \/>\u2013 modemy, telefony, telewizja satelitarna,<br \/>\u2013 GPS,<br \/>\u2013 radar,<br \/>\u2013 gry wideo,<br \/>\u2013 tanie komputery PC,<br \/>\u2013 automatyczne modu\u0142y sterowania silnikiem.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3469451 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3469451\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38a0747\" data-id=\"38a0747\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd72256 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd72256\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jaki rodzaj impedancji mo\u017cemy spotka\u0107 na PCB? \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-02251ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"02251ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f24128\" data-id=\"8f24128\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-948ad4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"948ad4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_embedded_microstrip.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17829 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_embedded_microstrip.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_embedded_microstrip-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-059b131 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"059b131\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Wbudowana linia mikropaskowa                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Wbudowana linia transmisyjna, podobna do mikropaskowej, sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z&nbsp;przewodnika, zwykle miedzianego, o&nbsp;szeroko\u015bci W i&nbsp;grubo\u015bci t, poprowadzonego przez p\u0142aszczyzn\u0119 uziemienia, kt\u00f3ra jest szersza ni\u017c sama linia transmisyjna i&nbsp;oddzielona dielektrycznym pod\u0142o\u017cem o&nbsp;grubo\u015bci H1. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ccf731\" data-id=\"4ccf731\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eac5121 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eac5121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_striplin.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17847 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_striplin.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_striplin-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3994673 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"3994673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Przesuni\u0119ta linia paskowa (Offset Stripline)                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>W konfiguracji Offset Stripline, \u015bcie\u017cka sygna\u0142u jest umieszczona pomi\u0119dzy dwiema p\u0142aszczyznami i&nbsp;mo\u017ce, ale nie musi, znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w&nbsp;r\u00f3wnych odst\u0119pach pomi\u0119dzy nimi. Konstrukcja ta jest cz\u0119sto okre\u015blana jako Dual Stripline. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-255708d\" data-id=\"255708d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9a282c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e9a282c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_coated_microstrip.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17817 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_coated_microstrip.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_coated_microstrip-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff77b46 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"ff77b46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Mikropasek ze wsp\u00f3ln\u0105 kraw\u0119dzi\u0105 ze sprz\u0119\u017ceniem kraw\u0119dziowym                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Mikropasek ze wsp\u00f3ln\u0105 kraw\u0119dzi\u0105 to konfiguracja r\u00f3\u017cnicowa, w&nbsp;kt\u00f3rej na powierzchni znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 dwie \u015bcie\u017cki o&nbsp;kontrolowanej impedancji, pokryte rezystorem i&nbsp;p\u0142aszczyzn\u0105 po drugiej stronie laminatu. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce7e918\" data-id=\"ce7e918\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41434f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"41434f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17823 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7d9fcd ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"e7d9fcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Przesuni\u0119ta linia paskowa ze sprz\u0119\u017ceniem kraw\u0119dziowym                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Przesuni\u0119ta linia paskowa ze sprz\u0119\u017ceniem kraw\u0119dziowym o&nbsp;konfiguracja r\u00f3\u017cnicowa z&nbsp;dwiema \u015bcie\u017ckami o&nbsp;kontrolowanej impedancji umieszczonymi pomi\u0119dzy dwiema p\u0142aszczyznami. \u015acie\u017cki s\u0105 przesuni\u0119te wzgl\u0119dem siebie, ale mog\u0105 znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w&nbsp;po\u0142owie odleg\u0142o\u015bci mi\u0119dzy p\u0142aszczyznami (2H1+T&nbsp;=&nbsp;H). \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cbcd185 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cbcd185\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b6ea4d\" data-id=\"5b6ea4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a043746 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a043746\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17823 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_edge_coupled_stripline-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca579a6 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"ca579a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Linia paskowa ze sprz\u0119\u017ceniem kraw\u0119dziowym                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Ta konfiguracja r\u00f3\u017cnicowa sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z&nbsp;dw\u00f3ch \u015bcie\u017cek oddzielonych laminatem, w\u0142o\u017conych mi\u0119dzy dwie p\u0142aszczyzny. Chocia\u017c schemat pokazuje przesuni\u0119cie \u015bcie\u017cek, celem produkcyjnym jest uzyskanie \u015bcie\u017cek bez przesuni\u0119cia, tj.&nbsp;jedna musi znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 bezpo\u015brednio nad drug\u0105. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8f0514\" data-id=\"c8f0514\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6754acc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6754acc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_strips.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17793 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_strips.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_strips-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8db4424 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"8db4424\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Powlekane linie koplanarne                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>W tej konfiguracji wyst\u0119puje pojedyncza \u015bcie\u017cka o&nbsp;kontrolowanej impedancji z&nbsp;dwiema \u015bcie\u017ckami uziemienia o&nbsp;okre\u015blonej szeroko\u015bci (W2\/W3) po ka\u017cdej stronie. Wszystkie \u015bcie\u017cki s\u0105 pokryte rezystorem. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa6b6a2\" data-id=\"fa6b6a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75458a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75458a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_waveguide_with_ground.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17799 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_waveguide_with_ground.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_coated_coplanar_waveguide_with_ground-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a11552 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"1a11552\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Powlekany falow\u00f3d koplanarny z&nbsp;uziemieniem                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Falow\u00f3d koplanarny ma pojedyncz\u0105 \u015bcie\u017ck\u0119 o&nbsp;kontrolowanej impedancji z&nbsp;p\u0142aszczyznami po obu stronach (lub bardzo szerokimi \u015bcie\u017ckami uziemienia), ci\u0105g\u0142\u0105 p\u0142aszczyzn\u0105 po jednej stronie i&nbsp;laminatem tylko po drugiej. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91d1c9f\" data-id=\"91d1c9f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d7af70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0d7af70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_coplanar_waveguide.png.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17841 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_coplanar_waveguide.png.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_offset_coplanar_waveguide-300x233.png.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc7a888 ekit-equal-height-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-icon-box\" data-id=\"dc7a888\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <!-- link opening -->\n                <!-- end link opening -->\n\n        <div class=\"elementskit-infobox text-center text- icon-lef-right-aligin elementor-animation-   \">\n                        <div class=\"box-body\">\n                            <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n                    Przesuni\u0119ty falow\u00f3d koplanarny                 <\/h3>\n                        \t\t  \t<p>Falow\u00f3d koplanarny jest podobny do konfiguracji opisanej powy\u017cej, z&nbsp;tym wyj\u0105tkiem, \u017ce po obu stronach laminatu znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 p\u0142aszczyzny oraz jedna p\u0142aszczyzna na tej samej warstwie, co \u015bcie\u017cka o&nbsp;kontrolowanej impedancji. \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n        \n        \n                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03666c6 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03666c6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac38576\" data-id=\"ac38576\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1bf88b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1bf88b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jak kontrolowa\u0107 impedancj\u0119?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e67ed8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e67ed8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPodczas produkcji PCB w&nbsp;panelu roboczego nale\u017cy wstawi\u0107 tzw. kupon testowy. Jest on najlepszym sposobem, aby upewni\u0107 si\u0119, \u017ce grubo\u015b\u0107 i&nbsp;wz\u00f3r miedzi s\u0105 zgodne z&nbsp;wymagan\u0105 impedancj\u0105. Ze wzgl\u0119du na fakt, \u017ce impedancja PCB musi zosta\u0107 zmierzona, producent PCB musi umie\u015bci\u0107 w&nbsp;panelu roboczym kupon testowy reprezentuj\u0105cy dok\u0142adn\u0105 konfiguracj\u0119 nadruku impedancji na p\u0142ytce PCB. Kupon testowy s\u0142u\u017cy jako model, kt\u00f3ry dok\u0142adnie reprezentuje konfiguracj\u0119 impedancji p\u0142ytki PCB i&nbsp;jest zaprojektowany zgodnie z&nbsp;testowym systemem pomiarowym. Jest on wykonany przy u\u017cyciu tych samych materia\u0142\u00f3w, procesu produkcyjnego i&nbsp;parametr\u00f3w, dzi\u0119ki czemu replikuje impedancj\u0119 p\u0142ytki PCB. \n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b655ebb\" data-id=\"b655ebb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ff80a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6ff80a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_how_to_control_impedance.jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17835 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_how_to_control_impedance.jpg.webp 540w, https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_how_to_control_impedance-300x233.jpg.webp 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 540px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 540\/420;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75ea0ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75ea0ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9426f59\" data-id=\"9426f59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dfae56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3dfae56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h3 data-elementor-setting-key=\"title\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\" style=\"font-weight: 700;line-height: 30px;font-size: 24px\">Co to jest kupon testowy?<\/h3><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f173fc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f173fc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTypowy kupon testowy to p\u0142ytka drukowana o&nbsp;wymiarach oko\u0142o 200&nbsp;\u00d7 30&nbsp;mm z&nbsp;dok\u0142adnie tak\u0105 sam\u0105 konstrukcj\u0105 \u015bcie\u017cek jak g\u0142\u00f3wna p\u0142ytka drukowana. \u015acie\u017cki maj\u0105 tak\u0105 sam\u0105 szeroko\u015b\u0107 i&nbsp;znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 na tej samej warstwie, co sprawdzane \u015bcie\u017cki w&nbsp;obwodzie g\u0142\u00f3wnym. Jest to najlepszy spos\u00f3b na zapewnienie dobrego wyniku. Kupon testowy pozwala unikn\u0105\u0107 dodatkowych pad\u00f3w lub jakichkolwiek zmian, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wp\u0142yn\u0105\u0107 na impedancj\u0119 p\u0142ytki drukowanej. W przypadkach, gdy grubo\u015b\u0107 laminatu jest okre\u015blona, szeroko\u015b\u0107 \u015bcie\u017cek na kuponie testowym powinna by\u0107 dostosowana w&nbsp;celu osi\u0105gni\u0119cia po\u017c\u0105danej warto\u015bci impedancji. Kupon testowy jest nast\u0119pnie dok\u0142adnie testowany i&nbsp;badany przy u\u017cyciu odpowiedniego sprz\u0119tu. Do ka\u017cdego kuponu testowego mo\u017cna przypisa\u0107 raport przedstawiaj\u0105cy warto\u015b\u0107 zmierzonej impedancji. \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5723c49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5723c49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ef5a2b\" data-id=\"5ef5a2b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b5becc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b5becc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Masz pytania?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db2453d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db2453d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zesp\u00f3\u0142 ICAPE Group jest zawsze blisko Ciebie i&nbsp;Twojej firmy. ICAPE Group jest obecna na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie dzi\u0119ki jednostkom biznesowym zatrudniaj\u0105cym miejscowych ekspert\u00f3w w&nbsp;r\u00f3\u017cnych lokalizacjach na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie. Skontaktuj si\u0119 z&nbsp;nami ju\u017c dzi\u015b! <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a57205 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-button\" data-id=\"9a57205\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\t\t<div class=\"ekit-btn-wraper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/pl\/kontakt\/\" class=\"elementskit-btn  whitespace--normal\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSkontaktuj si\u0119 z&nbsp;nami<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Layer_1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"32px\" height=\"32px\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path d=\"M22.4,14H1.9C1.4,14,1,14.4,1,14.9l0,2.4c0,0.5,0.4,0.9,0.9,0.9h20.5v4.3c0,1.6,0.3,2.5,1.4,1.3l6.6-6.6  c0.7-0.7,0.7-1.9,0-2.6l-6.6-6.6c-1.2-1.2-1.4-0.3-1.4,1.3V14z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kontrola impedancji Impedancja elektryczna to miara oporu, jaki obw\u00f3d stawia pr\u0105dowi po przy\u0142o\u017ceniu sinusoidalnego napi\u0119cia przemiennego. We wspomnianym przypadku u\u017cywany jest kabel koncentryczny. Zamiast kabla koncentrycznego, antena mo\u017ce by\u0107 pod\u0142\u0105czona do urz\u0105dzenia za pomoc\u0105 kabla sk\u0142adaj\u0105cego si\u0119 z&nbsp;dw\u00f3ch okr\u0105g\u0142ych przewod\u00f3w oddzielonych p\u0142askim plastikowym paskiem. Podobnie jak w&nbsp;przypadku kabla koncentrycznego, wymiary i&nbsp;materia\u0142y tego przewodu s\u0105 precyzyjnie [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29781,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29702","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kontrola impedancji |\u00a0 ICAPE Group<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Impedancja elektryczna jest miar\u0105 oporu, jaki obw\u00f3d stawia pr\u0105dowi po przy\u0142o\u017ceniu sinusoidalnego napi\u0119cia przemiennego.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Kontrola impedancji |\u00a0 ICAPE Group\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Impedancja elektryczna jest miar\u0105 oporu, jaki obw\u00f3d stawia pr\u0105dowi po przy\u0142o\u017ceniu sinusoidalnego napi\u0119cia przemiennego.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.icape-group.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/products-educative-pcb-impedence-control_configurations.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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